LEOPARD VS TIGER: COMPARING THE BIG CAT CONTENDERS!

Two more big cat contenders are head-to-head and when it is leopard vs tiger, they are easy to tell apart! Leopards are known for their striking yellow coats with brown spots. And tigers wear their vertical black stripes on yellow, orange, or white fur with pride! But this is far from the only way each of these amazing animals is unique. And we need to compare all of them to decide which one of these ferocious felines would win in a cage match!

Leopard VS Tiger: Physical Characteristics

Leopards and tigers are both on the list of biggest cats in the world. To decide which of these big cats takes the gold, we must look at physical differences. Going into the key characteristics of each animal and what makes them unique is key. Apart from both being feline, tigers and leopards are each in a class all their own!

Physical Characteristics Of Leopards

Leopards are smaller than tigers and average about six feet in length and up to 140 pounds

Leopards are sleek, strong, and leanly muscled. Their legs are stocky and built for climbing

The spots and coat color vary depending on the environment, from deep brown or black to tan and even white overall

The leopard has advanced hearing and vision, adapted for nighttime hunting

Leopards can carry animals heavier than themselves while climbing!

Physical Characteristics Of Tigers

As the largest feline in the world, tigers are 267 to over 300kg in weight and up to ten feet long

Tigers are massive, muscular, and powerfully built with long tails that help them balance

They have teeth and claws that both measure up to four inches long

There are nine subspecies of tiger, and coat colors can be reddish-orange or white.

The largest tiger ever weighed over eight hundred pounds

The Siberian tiger is the largest and weighs up to 675 pounds

Tigers have webbed feet and are excellent swimmers

Can reach speeds up to 60 mph

The Sumatran tiger is the smallest, around eight feet long and 260 pounds

Bengal tigers have the highest population numbers

White tigers are caused by a rare genetic mutation and haven’t been seen in the wild for over 50 years

Leopard VS Tiger: Habitat And Behavior

Now that we know all about the physical attributes of tigers and leopards, it is time to investigate habitat and behavior. Would tigers and leopards ever encounter each other in the wild? And if they did, how do each attack or defend themselves and their territory? We know tigers are massive, but leopards are strong as well. It is down to behavior to answer the question of which would win in a fight!

Leopards are nocturnal and solitary

They hunt in the trees and on the ground

Leopards rely on stealth and ambush to catch prey

They can drag and lift a carcass like an antelope that is much heavier than them

Leopards are opportunistic predators that go after small and medium-sized prey

They carry prey up trees and stash it to avoid larger carnivores

Leopards share their natural range with tigers

Found in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia, in grasslands, rainforests, and mountain regions

Leopards are also called Panthers

Can run up to 30 mph

Habit And Behavior Common In Tigers

Tigers are found primarily in South and Southeast Asia, Eastern Russia, and China

Subspecies can be found in tropical, temperate, and cold climates

Siberian tigers develop an extra fur layer around the neck for added warmth

Habitat depends on individual subspecies, but tigers can be found in mountain areas, rainforests, mangrove forests, grasslands, or even swamps

Some tigers migrate

A tiger only eats once a week, but they eat a lot, up to seventy-five pounds in one sitting!

Tigers stalk their prey for as long as it takes

They rely on speed, agility, and deadly power to quickly take down prey

All subspecies prefer to hunt at night

Tigers are solitary hunters

Who Wins In A Fight, The Leopard Or The Tiger?

The facts are undeniable, and we can declare without hesitation that the tiger would beat the leopard hands-down. In fact, the tiger is a known predator of the leopard. Tigers will prey on leopards to take their kill, or in defense of territory. In a one-on-one match, the tiger’s sheer power would easily overwhelm the much smaller leopard. One swipe of a tiger’s paw contains over 10,000 pounds of force. When in a rage, that force can go as high as 18,000 pounds.

There is one animal that is a real threat to both big cat contenders, and that is us. Human beings are still actively hunting these two majestic felines, and both are at risk according to the Endangered Species List. All subspecies of tigers are listed as endangered, and leopards are listed as near threatened. Articles like these that both entertain and educate also have the added privilege of bringing awareness. We are proud to do our part to help all the irreplaceable animals like tigers and leopards that we love.

 

TIGER LIFESPAN: A FULL DOCUMENTARY

Tigers are frequently regarded as one of the most ferocious and yet majestic predators in the wild. As apex hunters, we have always been quite fascinated by tigers and what makes them so interesting. Sadly, the tiger‘s habitat has fallen by roughly 95 percent in the previous 150 years. Today, there are only around 3,900 to 5,000 tigers left in the wild.

Tigers are frequently regarded as one of the most ferocious and yet majestic predators in the wild. As apex hunters, we have always been quite fascinated by tigers and what makes them so interesting. Sadly, the tiger‘s habitat has fallen by roughly 95 percent in the previous 150 years. Today, there are only around 3,900 to 5,000 tigers left in the wild.

Are you curious to find out more about tigers and what makes them stand out amongst other large hunters? We’ve got the rundown on how long tigers live and what factors impact their lifespan.

A Quick Crash Course on Tigers

The tiger is the world’s biggest wild cat, distinguished by its reddish-orange coat with black stripes. The tail alone of this huge cat is three feet long. Tigers may grow to be as long as 11 feet long and weigh up to 660 pounds. The Sumatran Tiger, Siberian Tiger, Bengal Tiger, South China Tiger, Malayan Tiger, and Indochinese Tiger are all subspecies of the tiger.

As such a strong and ferocious predator, tigers hunt alone most of the time. They are able to take down animals as large as deer or antelopes. Tigers will wait until dark to begin hunting and will charge at their prey with their teeth and large claws. Interestingly, there have been new studies that found that the reason why tigers have evolved to be orange is that their prey sees them as green. Deer, the primary food of tigers, can only perceive blue and green light, thereby rendering them colorblind to red. As a result, tigers seem green to deer.

In general, adult tigers are solitary creatures and prefer to live alone. Based on the trees around him, a tiger can tell if he is in another tiger’s territory. Each tiger leaves urine and distinctive scratches on the trees in its territory.

How Long Do Tigers Live?

A tiger in the wild can live up to 15 years. In captivity, their lifespan is about 20 to 26 years. As can be expected, the lifespan of a tiger is greatly increased when they are privately owned or kept in zoos. This is because they no longer have to worry about hunting for food or being exposed to harsh weather patterns.

The Average Tiger Life Cycle

How exactly do tiger cubs go from such small and cute animals to the ferocious hunters they become? Let’s take a look at the average tiger life cycle.

For starters, tigers have four life stages: newborn, kid, young adult, and a fully grown adult.

Newborn tigers

A newborn baby tiger is called a cub. When they are born, cubs weigh on average between two to three pounds. For the first eight weeks of their life, they will be concealed and safeguarded in the cozy cave that their mother built before their birth. They are nursed by their mother for the first few weeks of their life. At around six to eight weeks of life, the mother will begin to introduce meat to the cubs.

Child

When the cub reaches the age of two months, it will be permitted to leave the safety of the den. Over the course of the next few months, they will spend time learning how to hunt independently. This is accomplished by both observing and doing practice hunts. They are normally capable of hunting for themselves by the age of 18 months. Nonetheless, both males and females will remain with their mothers until they are around 2.5 years old. Tigers have a rather high infant mortality rate. Fewer than half of all cubs born survive to the age of two.

Young Adult

Once they reach the age of adolescence, tigers abandon their moms for good. Despite the fact that they are no longer in a relationship, the females pick territory near their mother. Males must go far further to establish a territory.

Adulthood

When a tiger reaches maturity, he or she has established his or her own territory and begins to search for a mate. Adult tigers only spend time together while mating or hunting the same prey.

A female tiger achieves sexual maturity between the ages of three and four, and she will most likely have her first litter at that time.

Common Factors That Impact the Tiger’s Lifespan

Today, the most serious threats to tiger populations are habitat loss/fragmentation and poaching. The IUCN Red List classifies the tiger as endangered. The worldwide wild tiger population was estimated to be between 3,062 and 3,948 adult animals as of 2015, with the majority of the populations residing in small isolated enclaves. Other estimates of the tiger population now put them at over 5,000 tigers in the wild.

Tigers have been overhunted by humans for their fur as well as other body parts that are used in traditional medicines. Tiger bones have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to alleviate anxiety and treat ulcers, bites, rheumatism, convulsions, and burns.

Tiger habitat has also been severely depleted as people have developed land for agricultural and timber purposes. When land is altered for agricultural reasons, logging, and land conversion for domestic animal grazing there is habitat loss and fragmentation that negatively impacts the tiger’s natural habitats.

However, there is optimism that these large cats may make a comeback in Russia’s Siberian area. According to the most recent data from the subspecies’ home in Russia, the Siberian tiger population is on the rise. Conservationists estimated 423-502 Amur tigers in Siberia ten years ago. However, the Russian government and WWF said last month that the number of tigers had increased to 480-540, including an estimated 100 cubs.

WHAT IS SPECIAL ABOUT TIGERS

Tigers are some of the most amazing creatures on the planet, they are the largest members of the cat family and are renowned for their power and strength.

As the largest member of the cat family, Tigers are strong, powerful and one of nature’s most feared predators. Their beautiful orange and black striped coats provide camouflage when hunting prey at night, when they can reach speeds of 65 km/hr (~40 mph).

Tigers are the most varied cat on earth, and have many unique features and interesting characteristics. They are magnificent creatures which are sadly endangered due to human carelessness. But, hopefully if we learn a little about them, we can become more aware of this admirable animal and help them grow in numbers once again.

HERE ARE SOME AMAZING FACTS ABOUT TIGERS THAT MAKE THEM SPECIAL:

- A Tiger’s legs are so powerful that they can remain standing even when dead, they have been known to have been shot, bleed out, and die, all while standing up.

- Tigers scratch trees and use their urine to mark their territories. Their urine smells strongly of buttered popcorn.

- Unlike most members of the cat family, Tigers like water. They are good swimmers and often cool off in pools or streams.

- Tigers can tell the age, gender, and reproductive condition of other Tigers by smelling their urine.

- If you look a Tiger in the eyes it is less likely to kill you. Tigers prefer to hunt by ambush, so by looking a Tiger in the eyes you are showing him you know he is there. Now he has lost the element of surprise, and will most likely go find something else to feast on. Because of this, men in India often wear masks on the back of their head with a second face.

- When several Tigers are present at a kill, the males will often wait for females and cubs to eat first, unlike Lions, which do the opposite. Tigers rarely argue or fight over a kill and simply wait turns.

- Every Tiger in the world is unique, no two Tigers have the same pattern of stripes.

- The markings on a Tiger’s forehead closely resemble the Chinese character for king, giving tigers a cultural status as a regal animal.

- Tigers have walked the earth for a long time. Fossil remains of Tigers found in parts of China are believed to be 2 million years old.

- Tigers have antiseptic saliva. They lick their wounds to disinfect them.

- Less than 100 years ago, Tigers could be found throughout Asia. Sadly, hunting and habitat loss have put populations at risk, and today their range has been reduced to around 7% of its former size. That’s why we need to do all we can to protect these beautiful beasts!

BLOG ARCHIVE

• FACINATING FACTS ABOUT FROGS YOU PROBABLY DIDN'T KNOW
• DO FROGS MAKE A GOOD PETS
• 10 AMAZING FACTS ABOUT MONKEY
• IF EVOLUTION IS REAL THAN WHY ARE THERE STILL MONK...
• HOW SMART ARE DOLPHINS?
• 8 PEACOCK FACTS THAT WILL CHANGE HOW YOU SEE THE BIRD

FACINATING FACTS ABOUT FROGS YOU PROBABLY DIDN'T KNOW

Frogs: Fascinating Facts About Frogs You Probably Didn’t Know

Did you know not all frogs can jump? And they use their eyes to help them eat? These fun frog facts will give you a new appreciation for these amazing amphibians!

Unless one jumps in front of you, or you have ranidaphobia (fear of frogs and toads), you probably don’t give frogs much thought. Or maybe you make note of them in springtime when the peepers emerge from their frozen slumber and sing in their loud chorus. But how much do you really know about these amazing amphibians?

Frogs live around the world, on every continent, except Antarctica.

There are more than 6,000 species. These familiar amphibians are famous for their croaking sounds, leaping abilities, bulging eyes, and slimy skin. They live in and around still or slow-moving fresh bodies of water such as ponds, marshes, streams, lakes, or rivers.

A group of frogs is called an army. Maybe it’s because they wear army green camouflage!

Not all frogs are green. There are brilliant, colorful species in every color of the rainbow. Red, blue, orange, yellow, and purple. Some are multi-colored, with patterns, spots, or stripes. A frog’s coloration helps it survive by blending in with the environment or warning predators that it’s toxic (see #15). Their eyes vary in an array of colors and patterns, too. Most of the bright, colorful species are found in tropical regions.

A frog’s bulging eyes allow it to see in front, sides, and partially behind it. The position of the eyes on its head gives them an almost 180-degree field of vision. Superior night vision enables these nocturnal creatures to hunt prey easily in the dark without moving.

A frog can’t keep its eyes open when eating. That’s because they need them when consuming prey. According to the American Museum of Natural History, “When a frog swallows food, it pulls its eyes down into the roof of its mouth. The eyes help push the food down its throat.”

Bullfrog calls can be heard up to a mile away! If you’re near a pond, lake, or other freshwater sources, listen for its distinct “brrr-ummmm” or “jug-o-rum” call.

Each frog species has its own special call. Males croak during mating season to attract a female. The louder he croaks, the more likely he is to attract a mate.

They have teeth! The small teeth on the roof of their mouths are not typically used to bite or chew; they keep the frog’s dinner from escaping before it’s had a chance to swallow it. However, if a frog feels threatened, or you hand-feed a pet frog, certain species have been known to bite.

Frogs don’t drink water. These aquatic creatures absorb water through their skin.

Not all frogs can jump. While most long-legged species can jump a distance greater than 20 times their body length, those with shorter back legs can hop, crawl, or walk.

The South African sharp-nosed frog holds the world’s record for the longest jump. It jumped 44 times its body length. This 3-inch species leaped more than 130 inches. To match that, a five-foot-tall person would have to jump 220 feet in one leap.

The world’s tiniest frog is the Paedophryne amanuensis. It’s about the size of a common housefly. It lives in leaf litter in the rain forests of Papua New Guinea.

The biggest and heaviest frog on earth is aptly named the Goliath (see below). It grows up to 12.5 inches long and weighs about 7.1 pounds. It is found in the rainforests of Africa. It comes out at night and dines on fish, crabs, baby turtles, young snakes, and other vertebrates along the river’s edge. Its average life span in the wild is up to 15 years.

The golden poison frog, native to Central and South American rainforests, has the distinction of being the most poisonous animal in the world, despite being about the length of a paper clip. Its skin secretes enough nerve toxin to kill 10 humans. Most poison frog species are colorful; the vibrant coloring warns predators to steer clear. Unlike most species, poison frogs are active during the day.

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DO FROGS MAKE A GOOD PETS

 

DO FROGS MAKE GOOD PETS?

Have you ever considered keeping a pet frog? You should! Frogs make great pets, as long as some things are kept in mind. Frogs are relatively easy and inexpensive to keep, can be long lived, make great display animals, provide many educational opportunities for children, low maintenance, and definitely have that cool/exotic factor going for them!

Compared to many other pets, such as dogs, cats, and the like, frogs are relatively inexpensive to keep as pets. While initial startup costs, such as the enclosure and husbandry supplies, may run in the $100-$300 range, basic maintenance costs are very low compared to many other pets. Frogs tend to eat much less than other animals, and that food tends to be cheap! There are ways of keeping startup costs down, such as purchasing a Complete Care Kit.

Something that may surprise most of you is how long a pet frog can live if properly cared for. Some species can easily surpass 15-25 years in age! While a frog living that long is a fair mix of luck and excellent husbandry practices, lifespans of 5-10 years with most commonly available frog species is certainly attainable. Many species of dart frogs can easily live over 20 years in captivity when given proper care – a friend of mine has Dendrobates auratus ‘Nicaraguan Green and Black’ adults that are over 30! Keep in mind the potential longevity of a pet frog before making a purchase – will you be willing and able to properly care for your froggy friend for years to come?

Many species of frogs make fantastic display animals. Poison dart frogs in particular are very brightly colored, active during the day, are fairly bold and will be out and about for all to see, and are generally kept in naturalistic vivaria. Imagine a slice of the jungle in your living room! Live exotic plants, a water feature, and colorful, active frogs will attract attention and make a great focal point in any living space. While most frogs will not tolerate regular handling, there is still plenty of opportunities to enjoy your pet frogs!

Pet animals in general, especially pet frogs, provide excellent educational opportunities. Frogs are considered an indicator species – when something is going wrong in the environment, they are some of the first animals to suffer. Pet frogs are great way to introduce the necessity of a clean environment and man’s impact on the planet. Many species of frogs will also readily breed in captivity, providing a great lead-in to a conversation on the birds and the bees, as well as the life cycle of an amphibian and the concept of metamorphosis.

Best of all, pet frogs are generally low maintenance and easy to care for. Unlike dogs, cats, birds, fish, or small mammals, most pet frogs are fine with being fed 3-4 times a week. Frogs don’t produce much waste, and can generally go several weeks between thorough cleanings. A properly set up naturalistic vivarium can go years between substrate changes. Misting can easily be automated, to make care even easier! Frogs will generally be fine if you miss a feeding – no need to find a babysitter for your pet frogs when you go out of town for a few days!

Frogs are considered exotic pets for a good reason! Nothing is much more exotic than a brightly colored frog hopping around in a replica rainforest in your living room! Pet frogs are different, and really are much more enjoyable than many of the typical pets people keep, in my opinion.

10 AMAZING FACTS ABOUT MONKEY

Monkeys are fascinating animals to watch and interact with. They are incredibly intelligent creatures and are very close relatives to humans. Just like humans, we classify monkeys as primates.

Primates have relatively larger brains than the size of their body and a higher degree of intelligence.

Monkeys come in different sizes, types, colors, and shapes. There are over 200 different species of monkeys all over the world.

General monkey facts

1. Monkeys are classified into two major groups

These extraordinary creatures are classified into two main groups: Old World monkeys and New World monkeys. Old World monkeys, also known as Cercopithecidae, are the most prominent primate family. These species of monkeys live in Africa and Asia.

What’s peculiar about Old World monkeys is their downward-pointing nostrils. Also, many Old World monkeys have pouches in their cheeks for storing food. Old World monkeys include baboons, proboscis, mandrill, colobus, and patas monkeys.

On the other hand, New World monkeys live in North and South America. Their nose is flatter compared to that of the Old World Monkey. Examples of New World monkeys include spider monkeys, capuchin monkeys, squirrel monkeys, woolly monkeys, and howler monkeys.

2. Monkeys have tails

Both Old World monkeys and New World monkeys have tails. However, each species has some distinctions. New World monkeys like spider and howler monkeys have prehensile (capable of grasping) tails. Some New World monkeys use their prehensile tails to hold objects and tree branches.

Old World monkey species have non-grasping and much shorter tails. The longest tail belongs to the female spider monkey. With a body length of about 2 feet long, these species can have a tail of 3 feet in length. Their tails can even carry their body weight and pick up objects like peanuts.

3. Most monkeys live in tropical regions

Most monkeys live in tropical regions of Central and South America, Asia, and Africa. New World monkeys stay in the tropical areas close to the Amazon rainforest in South America. Some also live in Northern and Southern Mexico.

The Old World monkeys live in rainforests, savannas, and mountains in Africa and Asia. Baboon monkeys live in savannas, wooded areas, and hillsides. The Gelada and golden monkeys live in the mountains, while vervet monkeys prefer to live near the lakes and streams. Typically monkeys live in trees, grassland, forests, mountains, and high plains in most parts of the world.

4. A group of monkeys is referred to as a troop

A group of monkeys is referred to as a troop, tribe, or mission. A troop consists of individual monkeys that live and travel together in search of food. They also work to take care of their young monkeys.

A troop typically has social structures. The most common is the one-male group. In this structure, one male monkey leads a group of female monkeys and can mate with all of them. However, other males seeking to overthrow him can threaten him. Examples of this troop structure include howler monkeys and patas monkeys. Traveling in troops also protects them from predators.

5. Some monkeys have opposable thumbs

Human beings are not the only ones with opposable thumbs. Opposable thumbs are needed for grasping and can rotate in different directions. They are rare among animals because most of them do not need thumbs to survive.

However, in some Old and New World monkeys, they are common. Old World monkeys like baboons, macaques, and grivets use their thumbs for holding onto trees and objects.

Few New World monkeys like the night monkey, capuchin, and squirrel monkeys have opposable thumbs. Other animals like koalas, apes, and chimp species also have opposable thumbs.

6. Squirrel monkeys can make different sounds

If you’ve ever heard monkey sounds, you would agree that they can be pretty loud. From screams to squawks and barks.

Did you know that the Squirrel monkey is one of the most vocal monkeys3, and these creatures can make at least 26 different sounds, including purrs, screamers, and more.

Squirrel monkeys eat nuts, leaves, insects, and small vertebrates. They are exceptional jumpers and runners and primarily live on trees. They are also very active during the day and sleep in a bunch together at night.

7. Some monkeys love to take a relaxing hot bath

Photo by Steven Diaz on Unsplash

The Japanese Macaques, also known as Snow Monkeys, can be found in four regions in Japan. They are adaptable to various weathers and temperatures, including hot mountain springs, subtropical forests, and highlands.

Troops of Japanese Macaque monkeys go to the volcanic hot springs at Jigokudani Monkey Park in Japan for a hot relaxing bath. Interestingly, research has it that these hot baths help to reduce stress in these monkeys1.

8. Capuchin monkeys are skilled with tools

Capuchin monkeys are known for being really intelligent. These monkeys are said to be skilled with tools. According to archaeological findings, the capuchin monkeys have been using tools for over 3000 years2.

Their tool skills have also evolved. The capuchin monkey will crack its nut open by placing the nuts on a stone and using another stone to break them open. What's more remarkable is that the capuchin monkey has been seen adjusting their tool size, using smaller rocks for the softer and smaller nuts.

These monkeys also exhibit some bizarre behaviors. A group of white-faced capuchin monkeys stick their fingers in one another’s noses and rub their furs on insects like Giant African Millipedes to repel other insects from them.

9. The first primate in space was a monkey

Yes, the rhesus monkey was the first primate in space, even before humans. The Rhesus monkey named Albert I was sent into space before humans to see how safe it was. Scientists needed to test their ability to launch a living creature into space and bring it back unharmed.

This monkey launch into space took place in 1948, June 11, in White Sands, New Mexico. Scientists also used other animals like chimps and dogs.

10. Monkeys sleep while sitting down on a tree

Monkeys sleep while sitting on trees. They choose their night perch, balancing on branches and sitting upright. They not only do this for comfort but also to hide away from predators.

Monkeys can sleep as long as 9.5 hours, which is much more than the typical 8-hour sleep for humans. Nocturnal night monkeys like owl monkeys sleep for as long as 17 hours a day. The owl monkey has large eyes and improved vision at night. They can also communicate with each other using scents.

IF EVOLUTION IS REAL THAN WHY ARE THERE STILL MONKEYS?

 

IF EVOLUTION IS REAL WHY ARE THERE STILL MONKEYS?

How can we be descended from monkeys if they are around today?

With all the 'monkeying around' that can go on in the playground or even in the office it seems we could easily be directly descended from monkeys, but our evolutionary relationship is actually much more distant.

"This is a question often encountered by evolutionary biologists," says Dr Paul Willis, palaeontologist and Director of RIAus.

"But the question itself reveals a couple of fundamental misunderstandings about evolution and how it operates", he says.

Firstly, humans did not evolve from monkeys. Instead, monkeys and humans share a common ancestor from which both evolved around 25 million years ago.

This evolutionary relationship is supported both by the fossil record and DNA analysis. A 2007 study showed that humans and rhesus monkeys share about 93% of their DNA. Based on the similarities and differences between the two types of DNA, scientists have estimated that humans and rhesus monkeys diverged from their common ancestor 25 million years ago.

Similarly, the fossil record has identified ancestors common to both humans and monkeys, such as an as yet unnamed primate fossil from Myanmar found in 2009 and dated as living around 37 million years ago.

Our closer cousins

Humans are actually more closely related to chimpanzees and other apes, but DNA evidence again shows that we didn't evolve from them. Chimps and humans share between 98 to 99% of DNA suggesting that we shared a common ancestor around 6 million years ago.

Evolution is not linear

"The idea of sharing a common ancestor leads to the second major misunderstanding inherent in the question," says Dr Willis, "that evolution is a linear process where one species evolves into another."

Evolution is really a branching process where one species can give rise to two or more species.

"The fallacy of linear evolution is most clearly illustrated by the analogy of asking; how can I share common grandparents with my cousins if my cousins and my grandparents are still alive?," says Dr Willis.

"The answer is of course that your grandparents had more than one child and they each went off and started their own families creating new branches of your own family tree."

The same thing happens in evolutionary families. A species can split into two or more descendant species and they can split again and again across the generations.

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• 11 INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT GIRAFFE
• 10 COOL FACTS ABOUT JELLYFISH YOU DIDNT KNOW
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• BASIC CAT CARE TIPS FOR NEW CAT OWNER

 

HOW SMART ARE DOLPHINS?

In this article, we dive deep into the topic of dolphin intelligence, discussing dolphin behavior and anatomy in attempt to answer the question: how smart are dolphins?

Dolphins are capable of complex problem solving and social interaction. They are one of the smartest animals in the world. Research into the behavior of dolphins in the wild and in captivity has yielded incredible data on the intelligence of these marine mammals. Studies show that dolphins not only have the ability to learn as individuals, but those individuals can then pass their new knowledge onto others.

Among the many animals in the world, there are few smarter than dolphins. These amazing marine mammals are capable of impressive problem-solving, social interactions, and using what appears to be a complex communication system. In this guide, we dive deep into the topic of dolphin intelligence, discussing dolphin behavior and anatomy in attempt to answer the question: how smart are dolphins. At guide's end, we also provide you with resources and helpful links to our very own dolphin tours here at Vallarta Adventures. Learn more below, and book with us today!

These studies include tests with Kelly the dolphin, who was given a test in which she was rewarded with a fish for every piece of litter she brought to researchers. She quickly learned to take single piece of paper, keep it under rock, and tear off smaller pieces to get more fish. Then there was Billie the dolphin, who was trapped in a sealock and rescued. Billie spent three weeks in rehabilitation and was released back into the wild. There, researchers noticed that Billie had started tail-walking, a skill only taught to captive, trained dolphins. Billie had not been trained to tail-walk but had learned the skill simply by observing other dolphins in her rehab center. Billie was also able to teach wild dolphins in her community the skill.

Studies also show dolphins in the wild learning to use tools and passing that knowledge down to further generations. One notable example is that adult dolphins will often attach sponges to their snouts to protect themselves while foraging for food. This skill is passed down from mothers to offspring.

Are dolphins smarter than humans?

Current tests for intelligence indicate that dolphins do not possess the same cognitive abilities as humans and are thus not the "smarter" species.

Like humans, dolphins possess the ability to beneficially alter their surroundings, solve problems, and form complex social groups. However, dolphins do not display indicators of tool usage, problem solving, and structured discussion to the degree that humans do.

Why are dolphins so smart?

Dolphins live in complex social groups and have evolved to have highly-developed brains. These factors are the largest contributors to their intelligence.

Dolphins have relatively large and complex brains that developed over thousands of generations. Presumably, dolphin brains evolved to meet the needs of their environment. Intelligence and highly-involved social interaction became the means of survival for dolphins, and their brains adapted accordingly.

How big is a dolphin brain?

Relative to body size, dolphin brains among the largest in the animal kingdom —larger than even those of chimpanzees.

Dolphin brains typically weigh about 1600 grams. This makes dolphins second only to humans in brain-to-body weight ratio. However, dolphin brains are quite different from the brains of humans and great apes. Dolphins have much smaller frontal lobes — but they still have an impressive flair for solving problems and a built-in capacity to plan for the future. Unlike primates, dolphins process language and auditory information in the temporal lobes, located on their brain’s flanks. Studies also show that dolphins process auditory and visual information in different parts of the neocortex. Dolphins also have an extremely well-developed and defined paralimbic system, which is responsible for processing emotions. Many scientists hypothesize that dolphins' highly-developed paralimbic systems play a large role in the intimate and complex social and emotional bonds that exist within dolphin communities.

Are dolphins the smartest animals?

Based on current metrics for intelligence, dolphins are one of the most intelligent animals in the world.

While intelligence is difficult to quantify in any organism, many studies suggest that dolphins are second only to us humans in smarts. Using brain size as a barometer, dolphins come in second only to humans in brain-to-body size ratio. However, dolphins also excel intelligence-based tests. Research shows that dolphins mirror self-recognition, cultural learning, comprehension of symbol-based communication systems, and an understanding of abstract concepts — comparable to chimpanzees and other great apes.

8 PEACOCK FACTS THAT WILL CHANGE HOW YOU SEE THE BIRD

8 Peacock Facts That Might Surprise You

1. Peacocks Are Actually Male

The striking birds that you associate with the label peacock are, in fact, male. Their majestic feathers are used to attract peahens, the females of the species, which are smaller and mostly brown and white, though with emerald necks and the same fabulous head crest.

Together, they produce peachicks, or baby peafowl. Peacocks are polygamous, mating with multiple partners (anywhere between two and five) throughout their lives.

It takes about three years for peafowl to develop their tail display, but once it’s fully fashioned, watch out—the peacock is officially on the prowl, and ready to dance, preen, and shake for female attention.

2. Peacocks Are the National Bird of India

In 1963, the Indian peacock was declared the national bird of its namesake country. The bird holds significance in Hinduism: It is believed that a peacock’s feathers were originally born of the mythological Garuda, and the bird is often associated with Laksmi, the goddess of wealth and good fortune. As such, peacock feathers have long been favored by royalty.

3. Peacocks Shed Their Feathers

Don't worry, those loose peacock feathers are not harvested through violent means. Peacocks shed their iconic plumage—also referred to as a train—naturally after mating season is over. (Bonus fact: When said train is vibrated to attract a peahen, it’s referred to as “train rattling.”)

4. Peafowl Can Fly

Those long (up to five feet) and abundant feathers (about 200 per train) may seem cumbersome, but they don’t stop peafowl from lifting off. The birds can fly, though they can only travel very short distances.

5. They Can Be Found in Africa

A lesser-known species known as the Congo peafowl can be found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where it enjoys the status of national bird. Congo peafowl aren’t quite as showy as the Indian variety, with shorter feathers and darker hues, but their fancy headwear and shiny finishes maintain their aesthetic standing within the pheasant family.

6. Their Sounds Can’t Be Fully Experienced by Humans

When male peacocks perform their train rattle, a rustling sound furthers the visual effect. But for the peahens, the movement also creates a vibration—a resonant frequency—in the air that cannot be felt by humans.

7. They Stay In Groups

Like us on any given Friday night, peafowl don't like to be alone. (As mentioned previously, a group of peafowl is called a party.) But while they are all about each other, they don’t really jive with other birds.

8. They Have an Impressive

Peafowl lives a long time—between 10 and 25 years in the wild and up to 50 years in captivity. So if you happen to befriend a peacock, it could be your BFF for life.

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DO SHARK HUNT PEOPLE? WHY SHARK ATTACK

The majority of more than 400 different shark species are harmless to humans.

Those that are known to be ‘dangerous’ to humans number around 10 of those 400 known species of sharks.

Worldwide there are less than 100 shark attacks every year. Less than 20 result in a death. And usually, this is caused by blood loss.

A shark actually eating a human is rare and extremely unlikely - as we are not a natural prey item. Experts have found that if a shark bites human flesh, it will often spit it out or vomit it up.

Yes, sharks can detect blood in water in minute quantities. However, some studies have shown that they are only really attracted to blood / body oils from fish and marine mammals - their natural prey.

Experiments have shown that sharks respond most strongly to odours produced by injured or distressed prey. The same prey if healthy and uninjured does not produce such a strong response from the shark.

Sharks are mistakenly thought to be ‘eating machines’. But because many species are cold-blooded, some eat only about 2 percent of their body weight each day. That's slightly less than humans typically eat. They can even go for months without eating at all.

Most Common Reasons Sharks Bite Humans:

Mistaken Identity - from below the waters surface, the silhouette of a swimmer or surfer looks very similar in size and shape to a sea lion or turtle.

Poor Visibility - murky, turbid and choppy water makes it difficult for a shark to see / smell / identify it’s prey.

Time of Day - Sharks naturally look for food around sunset, sunrise and at night time. People in the water at these times are more at risk.

Location - The mouths of rivers and lakes normally have poor water conditions and often are breeding grounds for fish. Which makes an ideal place for sharks to find food.

Fish Schools - Often large schools of baitfish are seen near the coast. These are a natural prey item for sharks and therefore are an attractive food source. Do not enter the water if there are large numbers of fish present, or if you are near an area where fish are being caught / cleaned.

Shared Habitat - Some sharks such as the Bull Shark can inhabit places where humans are also present, such as canals, estuaries and rivers. Simply by sharing the same environment - we are more at risk of an accidental bite. Even more so, considering the poor visibility and silty water conditions often found in rivers.

Shark Safety

Avoid swimming at dusk, dawn and night time. These are the times when sharks are most actively searching for food.

Avoid poor conditions, such as murky and turbid water. Including river mouths and estuaries. Bad conditions may hamper a sharks visibility and sense of smell.

Don’t swim alone.

Avoid entering the water if large numbers of dolphins, sea birds or fish are present. Dolphins and sea birds could indicate a large fish school, which may also attract sharks.

Be aware of shared habitat areas such as rivers and canals.

Don’t harass or threaten sharks. Sharks will normally only attack if threatened.

Understanding shark behaviour and biology is a great way of raising your own awareness about shark.

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11 INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT GIRAFFE

11 interesting facts about Giraffe that can take your breath away without laying a tentacle on you!

Number 1. Giraffes are the tallest mammals on Earth. Their legs alone are taller than many humans—about 6 feet.

Number 2. They can run as fast as 35 miles an hour over short distances, or cruise at 10 mph over longer distances.

Number 3. A giraffe's neck is too short to reach the ground. As a result, it has to awkwardly spread its front legs or kneel to reach the ground for a drink of water.

Number 4. Giraffes only need to drink once every few days. Most of their water comes from all the plants they eat.

Number 5. Giraffes spend most of their lives standing up; they even sleep and give birth standing up.

Number 6. The giraffe calf can stand up and walk after about an hour and within a week, it starts to sample vegetation.

Number 7. Despite the females’ attempts to stand over their calves during attacks by lions, spotted hyenas, leopards and African wild dogs (4), many calves are killed in their first few months.

Number 8. A giraffe’s spots are much like human fingerprints. No two individual giraffes have exactly the same pattern.

Number 9. Both male and female giraffes have two distinct, hair-covered horns called ossicones. Male giraffes use their horns to sometimes fight with other males.

Number 10. Giraffes only need 5 to 30 minutes of sleep in a 24-hour period! They often achieve that in quick naps that may last only a minute or two at a time.

Number 11. Whilst it was thought that giraffes did not make any sounds, this is now known to be untrue, as giraffes bellow, snort, hiss and make flute-like sounds, as well as low pitch noises beyond the range of human hearing.

10 COOL FACTS ABOUT JELLYFISH YOU DIDNT KNOW

 10 COOL FACTS ABOUT JELLYFISH YOU DIDN’T KNOW

How much do you know about these strange floating marine marvels? Are they really made of jelly? How do you really get rid of stings? We have the answers. These fascinating creatures are marine marvels. Here are 10 interesting facts about jellyfish that can take your breath away without laying a tentacle on you!

1. They Are Not Fish

They are no way, no how fish of any type or description. They don’t have bones, gills, fins, scales, or any other fish equipment or body parts. “The fish part of the name is wrong,” says marine education specialist Terri Kirby Hathaway. So, what should you call them? “Well, jellies.”

2. They’re Named After a Greek Monster

Some jellies look like dainty umbrellas or bells decorated with an elegant fringe suspended from the center or the edge. The billowing main shape is called the medusa, as it resembles Medusa who had serpents for hair according to Greek mythology.

3. Jellies Get Around

“They can only move up and down in the water column,” says Hathaway. “They can’t go east, west, north, or south intentionally.” Jellies move up by collapsing the medusa (like quickly closing an umbrella) which pushes water down and propels them upward. Beyond that, these creatures go where the winds blow and the currents take them. Some jellies travel around the world in the ballast tanks of oceangoing ships to invade waters as non-native species when ships jettison the tanks

4.The Sting’s The Thing

Scientists classify jellies in the phylum Cnidaria (silent “C”). The name originates from the Greek word cnidos, meaning stinging nettle for the specialized stinging cells, cnidocytes or nematocysts. This cell “explodes” on contact, launching a harpoon-like organelle containing neurotoxins into whatever touched it. Jellies feed and defend themselves this way.

Most stings are painful but not life-threatening. There are exceptions in Pacific waters. Close relatives like sea anemones and corals, which spend their adult lives attached to the sea bottom, can also sting. Rinsing, not scrubbing, with vinegar is the best antidote.

5. Jellyfish Are Simpletons

Most jellies are simple organisms. Think of them as “bags” made of two cell layers, an outer ectoderm or epidermis (housing the stinging cells) and an inner endoderm or gastrodermis, (lining the gut). The filling between the layers is the mesoglea, a layer of jellylike substance that provides volume and weight. Some are transparent, others are colorful and translucent, and some change colors with the salinity of the water.

6. They’re Not Made Of Jelly

Jellies are 95% water. That’s one reason they look so elegant beneath the surface but look like a blob of goo on the beach.

7. They Come In All Shapes And Sizes

There are at least 9,000 known species of Cnidaria and some inhabit every ocean. Their sizes span from tiny to wow. The smallest medusae are barely visible (but still pack a sting). The largest, the Nomura’s jellyfish, can grow from the size of a grain of rice to six feet across in six months. A single jelly of this species can weigh up to 200 pounds!

8. They’re Simple Yet Complex

Medusozoa jellies have a two-step procreation plan. First, it involves egg fertilization by free-floating sperm. This produces larvae that sink and attach to a firm surface. Then the larvae grow into polyps that bud and release tiny medusae that grow into the adult form.

9. Jellyfish “Blooms” Can Cause Chaos

Sudden massive reproductive surges, known as “blooms,” can deplete local fish supplies, ruin fishing nets, and shut down nuclear plants by clogging the cooling water intakes. The cause of these blooms is still not completely understood.

10. The Portuguese Man O’ War Is Not A True Jellyfish

A frequenter of our eastern and southern coasts, the surface-living Portuguese man o’ war, is part of the same species and closely related, but not a true jellyfish. The interesting thing about the Portuguese man o’ war is that it’s not one organism but a colony of specialists that survive together but not apart. The telltale violet sail is one organism; the stinging tentacles are another.

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BASIC HEALTH & CARE TIPS TO KEEP YOUR CAT HEALTHY

How often do you take your cat to the veterinarian? In observance of National Cat Health Month, we want to remind you that even if your cat does not appear to be sick, preventative care is important.

Between visits to your cat's veterinarian, here are 10 ways to keep your cat healthy.

1. Groom your cat regularly.

Whether your cat has short or long fur, he will benefit greatly from regular brushing or combing. This helps remove the dead hair from his coat so he doesn't ingest it while self-grooming. It also gives you the chance to notice any changes to his body. Irregularities such as lumps, bumps or sore spots can then be investigated right away by your veterinarian.

2. Provide fresh water daily.

Clean, fresh water is essential for your cat's good health. If your cat doesn't seem to drink from a bowl, consider providing her with a tall glass (some cats don't like to bend down to drink) or a cat fountain. Be sure to replenish the water with a fresh supply every day.

3. Make sure you have enough litter boxes.

A general rule of thumb for litter boxes is one for each cat plus one more. So if you have 2 cats, you should have 3 litter boxes. To encourage good litter box habits, keep the litter boxes clean. This may mean scooping more than once per day. Regular cleaning will also help you notice any changes in your cat's urine or stool, which could indicate a health issue.

4. Notice if your cat starts urinating outside its litter box.

Sometimes a cat will urinate outside his litter box if the box is dirty. But before you blame the accident on the state of the litter box or your cat's naughty behavior, schedule a visit to the veterinarian. A change in litter box habits sometimes means that a cat has a urinary tract infection or other medical issue.

5. Train your cat to use a scratching post.

Not only will this help prevent damage to your furniture, it will help your cat stretch her muscles and keep her claws in top condition. Regular scratching on an appropriate surface such as carpet, sisal, or cardboard helps remove the old layers from your cat's claws.

6. Use a cat carrier in the car.

Does your cat need to visit the vet? Or are you moving to a new home? Transport your cat in an appropriate carrier designed for pets. Allowing your cat to roam freely in the car can distract you from driving safely, which can lead to accidents that may harm both you and your cat.

7. Keep your cat's teeth clean.

Like humans, cats can develop tartar on their teeth, which can lead to gum disease and tooth decay. The bacteria that collect on your cat's teeth also can enter her bloodstream, contributing to other feline diseases. Unlike humans, however, cats can't brush their teeth. And many cats won't let their owners brush their teeth for them. To keep your cat's teeth in top condition, schedule a cleaning with your veterinarian at least once every year.

8. Choose a cat-friendly vet.

It seems to go without saying that cats are not smaller versions of dogs. That said, it follows that cats have different veterinary requirements than dogs do. A veterinarian specializing in feline health and anatomy can be a valuable ally in keeping your cat in her best possible health. You can find a feline vet in your area by visiting the American Association of Feline Practitioners.

9. Schedule regular veterinary visits.

Annual visits give the vet a chance to catch any potential feline diseases in their early stages, administer vaccines, and clean the cat's teeth. Your vet can also tell you if your cat is at a healthy weight.

10. Spay or neuter your cat.

Reproductive diseases can affect cats of both genders, both male and female. Spaying prevents uterine infections, ovarian cancers and breast tumors in female cats, while neutering prevents testicular cancer and some prostate problems in males. The surgeries also reduce a male cat's urge to roam and if done soon enough in his life, may eliminate his urge to spray to mark territory. The best benefit? Your cat won't contribute to the pet overpopulation situation.

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BASIC CAT CARE TIPS FOR NEW CAT OWNER

Have you recently added a feline friend to your family? Congratulations! We know you’ll be thrilled to have your new cat in your home. If you are considering adopting a cat, please visit your local shelter. We encourage you to browse our directory of adoptable cats in your area, or use our shelter finder to start your search.

Read on for useful tips for new cat parents, and for those looking to brush up on their pet care skills.

FEEDING

We recommend purchasing high-quality, brand-name kitten or cat food. Your veterinarian will be able to assess your new cat or kitten and determine the best diet. Factors such as age, activity level and health make a difference in what and how much a cat should eat.

• Cats require taurine, an essential amino acid, for heart and eye health. The food you choose should be balanced for the life stage of your cat or kitten. Properly balanced foods will contain taurine.
• You will need to provide fresh, clean water at all times, and wash and refill your cat’s water bowls daily.
• Treats should be no more than 5-10% of the diet.
• Many people feed baby food to a cat or kitten who is refusing food or not feeling well Please read labels carefully: If the baby food contains onion or garlic powder, your pet could be poisoned.
• Take your pet to your veterinarian if signs of anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting or lethargy continue for more than two days.

GROOMING

Most cats stay relatively clean and rarely need a bath, but you should brush or comb your cat regularly. Frequent brushing helps keep your cat's coat clean, reduces the amount of shedding and cuts down on the incidence of hairballs.

HANDLING

To pick up your cat, place one hand behind the front legs and another under the hindquarters. Lift gently. Never pick up a cat by the scruff of the neck or by the front legs.

HOUSING

Your pet should have her own clean, dry place in your home to sleep and rest. Line your cat's bed with a soft, warm blanket or towel. Be sure to wash the bedding often. Please keep your cat indoors. Outdoor cats do not live as long as indoor cats. Outdoor cats are at risk of trauma from cars, or from fights with other cats, raccoons and free-roaming dogs. Coyotes are known to eat cats. Outdoor cats are more likely to become infested with fleas or ticks, as well as contract infectious diseases.

IDENTIFICATION

If allowed outdoors, your cat must wear a safety collar and an ID tag. A safety collar with an elastic panel will allow your cat to break loose if the collar gets caught on something. And for both indoor and outdoor cats, an ID tag or an implanted microchip can help ensure that your cat is returned if he or she becomes lost.

LITTER BOX

All indoor cats need a litter box, which should be placed in a quiet, accessible location. In a multi-level home, one box per floor is recommended. Avoid moving the box unless absolutely necessary, but if you must do so, move the box just a few inches per day. Keep in mind that cats won't use a messy, smelly litter box, so scoop solid wastes out of the box at least once a day. Dump everything, wash with a mild detergent and refill at least once a week; you can do this less frequently if using clumping litter. Don't use ammonia, deodorants or scents, especially lemon, when cleaning the litter box. If your cat will not use a litterbox, please consult with your veterinarian. Sometimes refusal to use a litter box is based on a medical condition that required treatment.

SCRATCHING

Cats need to scratch! When a cat scratches, the old outer nail sheath is pulled off and the sharp, smooth claws underneath are exposed. Cutting your cat’s nails every two to three weeks will keep them relatively blunt and less likely to harm the arms of both humans and furniture. Provide your cat with a sturdy scratching post, at least three feet high. The post should also be stable enough that it won't wobble during use, and should be covered with rough material such as sisal, burlap or tree bark. Many cats also like scratching pads.

HEALTH

Your cat should see the veterinarian at least once a year for an examination and annual shots, and immediately if she is sick or injured.

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5 MOST DANGEROUS CAT DISEASES

According to the Humane Society of the United States, there are more than 70 million feral and stray cats roaming the streets. Because stray cats often carry dangerous diseases, the best thing that you can do to protect your domesticated cat against serious illness is to keep it indoors. By staying inside, your cat is less likely to fight with other animals and risk the chance of spreading diseases through wounds. You’ll also reduce their exposure to infection-spreading parasites, including fleas and ticks, and prevent the kidney failure that can come as a result of ingesting poisonous substances such as antifreeze.

Outdoor cats and those that live in multi-cat homes have the highest risk of disease. However, indoor cats and “only cats” can get sick, too. Most cat illnesses are easily preventable, but once your cat contracts an illness, it can be very difficult to treat. It’s also important to keep in mind that even minor ailments can suggest major health problems. But some cat diseases are more dangerous than others. Read on to learn about some of the most serious ones.

1. Feline Leukemia Virus

Feline leukemia is a disease that spreads through urine, nose discharge and saliva. Cats can catch the disease through bites, sharing food, water bowls and litter boxes, and from grooming eachother. Mother cats can pass the disease along to their kittens, and kittens are more likely to contract the disease than adult cats.

Some cats will immediately become ill upon contracting the virus. In other cats, symptoms of the disease will not manifest for several weeks or even years. Feline leukemia can result in a number of conditions, but ultimately will attack the immune system and lead to bone marrow failure. Any illness can be a sign of feline leukemia.

Although there is no cure for feline leukemia, the disease is easily preventable. Keeping cats indoors, restricting exposure to other cats, maintaining a clean living environment and ensuring your cat is vaccinated can all help prevent feline leukemia.

2. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus(FIV)

FIV is primarily spread through bite wounds, and outdoor cats and territorial tomcats are most susceptible to infection. Casual contact through sharing food and water bowls doesn’t significantly the increase risk of contracting FIV. A mother cat may rarely pass the virus along to her kittens.

Once the virus enters the bloodstream, it can remain dormant until it progresses into an active disease. FIV is terminal, and because it targets the immune system, cats that have the disease run an increased risk of common infections. To prevent FIV, keep your cat indoors and have them neutered to prevent fighting. There is currently no effective vaccine against FIV.

3: Kidney Disease/Renal Failure

Renal failure is one of the leading causes of death in older cats. Causes for renal failure include age, genetics and environmental factors such as ingesting poisonous substances. Renal failure in cats can take two forms: acute or chronic. Acute renal failure is associated with a sudden stop of kidney function, while chronic renal failure results from a progressive deterioration of kidney function.

A number of symptoms can show up as a result of renal failure, including excessive urination, increased thirst, nausea or vomiting, dehydration, constipation, loss of appetite, weight loss, halitosis (bad breath) and lethargy. If your cat is experiencing any of these symptoms, your veterinarian can test for renal failure. Blood tests can be checked for elevations in the kidney function values. Unfortunately, these tests will only be elevated once there has been at least a 75% loss of function. A urinalysis tests to check for loss of protein and to see if the cat’s urine is diluted can detect disease at earlier stages.

Although there is no cure for feline renal failure, it can be managed through adjustments to your cat’s diet, medication and hydration therapy. Well managed patients may be able to survive for long periods of time.

4. Feline Panleukopenia (Feline Distemper)

Feline panleukopenia is a highly contagious viral disease, primarily seen in kittens born from unvaccinated mothers. Kittens almost always die, even if given treatment, after contracting the disease. It can spread through bodily fluids, feces and fleas, and is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water bowls, litter trays and clothing.

Feline distemper affects the intestinal tract and attacks the immune systems. Cats suffering from the disease are likely to experience diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, malnutrition,anemia and usually death within a few days. A veterinarian can diagnose feline panleukopenia through blood tests.

Treatment of feline panleukopenia is rarely successful. In order to prevent feline panleukemia, you should vaccinate your cat.

5. Feline Rabies

Cats are reported rabid more often than any other domesticated animal in the United States. Because of their curious nature and instinctual hunting skills, they come into contact with carriers of the disease more than other pets. Rabies is one of the most dangerous diseases because it doesn’t infect just cats, it can be passed along to humans, too. Rabies usually spreads to cats through bites from or ingestion of wild animals. With indoor cats, this can occur with bats or rodents that have gotten into your home. This debilitating and degenerative disease attacks the nervous system.

The normal incubation period is 10 days, but rabies can be deceptively slow-moving. The disease can incubate in a cat’s system for weeks, or even years in rare cases. Symptoms include poor coordination, yowling, drooling, fever, and any strange behavior.

There is no treatment or cure for feline rabies. Vaccines are highly effective in prevention, and all pets should receive them regularly. Keeping your cat indoors will reduce the risk of exposure to infected wildlife.